Mercurial Notes¶

Docs: https://mercurial.selenic.com/guide

Global Config¶

The global config file is located at ~ (search for .hgrc on OS X or Mercurial.ini on Windows).

Update config: hg config --edit

~/.hgrc:

[ui]
username = Username <name@domain.com>
editor = nano
ignore = ~/.hgignore

General¶

Initialize: hg init

Get everything ready to commit: hg add

Commit removed files: hg addremove

Commit changes: hg commit -m "Message" (Use --amend to update previous commit or rewrite the previous commit message.)

Only commit some files: hg commit --include file1.txt --include file2.txt -m "Message" (Short form: -I)

Commit everything but some files: hg commit --exclude file1.txt --exclude file2.txt -m "Message" (Short form: -X)

Check status: hg status

Check status of tracked files only: hg status -mard

Get current info: hg summary

Check current heads: hg heads (Use hg merge to combine multiple heads)

Untrack commited files: hg forget filename.txt (Takes effect with the next commit, not immediately.)

Drop uncommited changes: hg revert -C filename.txt (Suppress .orig files with -C flag.)

Branches¶

A named branch is a chapter. Every page has a chapter number written in the margin. This groups related pages together. (source)

List branches: hg branches

Add new branch: hg branch branchname

Change branch: hg checkout branchname

Tags¶

A tag is a sticky note on a page you find interesting. It stays on the same page and can be used to find that page easily. (source)

List tags: hg tags

Add new tag: hg tag tagname

Bookmarks¶

A bookmark is a bookmark. As you move from page to page, you move the bookmark forward with you. You can use multiple bookmarks to keep track of progress through different parts of the book. (source)

List bookmarks: hg bookmarks

Add new bookmark: hg bookmark bookmarkname

Log¶

Show commits: hg log

Sow last 5 commits: hg log --limit 5

Show commits as graph: hg log -G

Pick commits from author: hg log -u <author> -M

Compare¶

Compare modified files: hg diff

Collaborate¶

Clone a project: hg clone http://domain.com/repository/hello

Pull from remote: hg pull

Note: hg update must follow after hg pull!

Pull and update: hg pull -u

Force update: hg update --check

Pull a remote branch: hg pull -r branchname

Push to remote: hg push

Check unpushed commits: hg out

Backup¶

Backup project: hg archive backup.zip

Create backup excluding .hg files: hg archive project.tar.gz -X ".hg*"

Restore & Rollback

Rollback previous commit: hg rollback

Checkout a custom revision (e.g. revision 38): hg update -r 38

Get rid of the changes of a special revision: hg backout -r 38 (Keeps history, needs new commit)

Strip ¶

Enable extension via .hgrc:

1 2	`[extensions] strip =`

Delete everything til and including rev 38: hg strip 38 (History will be deleted, too.)

Undo strip: hg unbundle /path/to/strip-backup.hg

Note: Run hg update after restoring a backup from hg strip

Further Notes¶

Mercurial will push/pull all branches by default, while git will push/pull only the current branch.